Lecture 3: Reading Past Papers — 2006

Key Points

Concept: The logical relationships between sentences

• 1. Concessions and Twists:
• though；
• although；
• in spite of；
• despite；
• but；
• yet；
• however；
• in face；
• unfortunately
• on the contrary；
• now；
• 2. Parallel relationships:
• (1) Repetition
• (2) Progression;
• (3) Give examples;
• 3. Causality:
• Core: Clarify who is the cause and who is the effect;
• Vocabulary:
• because (of)； Follow the reason;
• as: When followed by a sentence, it indicates cause and effect;
• for: When followed by a sentence, it indicates cause and effect;
• since：
• so：
• therefore：
• consequently：
• derive from: with reason;
• originate from: with cause;
• result from: following the reason;
• owing to: to follow the reason;
• due to: to follow the reason;
• attribute to: to follow the reason;
• contribute to: to follow the result;
• lead to: follow the result;

Concept: The logical relationships between paragraphs

• Summary:
• 1. Explaining linearity—phenomena analysis—making evaluations
• Analysis: (1) Advantages and disadvantages; (2) Comparison over time; (3) Causes;
• 2. Raise the issue - original text analysis - solution/suggestion
• Differences:
• Whether the result is an evaluation, a solution, or a suggestion;
• Topic Introduction to Patterns:
• 1. Get straight to the point (the first paragraph gives directly);
• 2. Analogy (starting with discussing other topics, but actually making analogies for other topics)
• 3. Individual -> average
• 4. Negative viewpoint (presenting an opposing viewpoint, then using transitional words to present a viewpoint)

Question Type: Central Idea Question

• Method:
• Stringing method;
• Central syntax;
• Form: Unique section
• Form: Answer to the opening question
• Lead word:
• High-frequency words that repeatedly appear in the article are the center;

Reading Summary

• Options include modern words, especially those referring to the problem;
• Example Questions:
• When the content in the example is A, and the example is followed by a transition word followed by viewpoint B, viewpoint B is the opposite of A, and A is the opposite of B;
• In reading comprehension, when words ending with ly appear, you only need to focus on the degree of the meaning, not the specific meaning;

Vocabulary Summary

Article: TEXT 1

• Immigrant -> immigration;
• Department stores -> Department stores
• intimate -> Private;
• democratic: democratic;
• owed: owed; gratitude; should...... attributing -> means attributing;
• elevating：adj. thought-provoking, inspiring; v. to lift, to lift; to promote;
• immune: immunity

Article: TEXT 2

• theatre: theater
• play: verb -> to play, to toy; Noun: drama, performance, game;
• sight: noun -> sight, scenic spot, scene; scenic spot, goal;
• sightseer: a person who enjoys a view
• take in: to visit; to deceive;
• attendance: attendance rate, attendance rate;
• detached: detached attitude;

Article: TEXT 3

• hold -> When appearing in the option, it can indicate "think"
• fishery: fishing ground
• half -> Past tense of verb meaning: halve: to halve

Article: TEXT 4

• grows out: originates from
• exhausted：adj. Exhausted; Exhausted, depleted
• worshipper: believer
• give all this: In reading, it means "therefore," followed by a conclusion
• emergence: to appear
• flourish: prosperity, flourish