Lecture 2: Reading Past Papers — 2005

Key Points

Concept: The arguments and evidence of an argumentative essay

• Divided into arguments and evidence, with the process serving the argument;
• Unless the question is detailed, the argument can be skipped while reading;

Question Type: Reasoning and True/False Questions

• Logo:
• infer imply suggest learn from
• Target Audience:
• It can be a few sentences or an entire paragraph;
• Method:
• 1) Although it was not directly mentioned, rewrite the closest synonym
• 2) Details follow the main theme: The key points that appear repeatedly are the key points, and the key points are the key points
• 3) Reasoning is often set at the turning point
• 4) Grammatical phenomena often include reasoning
• 5) Relatively gentle tone: may,can,be likely to
• Supplement:
• Characteristics of the author's viewpoint -> Originality;

Question Type: Word Guessing Questions

• Logo:
• Double quotation marks;
• Method:
• 1) Finding contextual logical relationships;
• Synonyms or antonyms;
• 2) If the word to be guessed is a simple word, exclude its common meaning;
• Supplement:
• For each option in the vocabulary questions, if it is a word, carefully analyze its meaning, roots, and affixes;

Reading Summary

• Opposite options in reading often contain the correct answer;
• Comprehensive mastery of vocabulary from the three-year exam paper is required, as it is highly likely to appear in the following year;
• Observe whether the that content is complete, then judge sentence types and modifiers based on their components;
• Types of Postgraduate Exam Articles:
• Social sciences (with economics being the most common) > Natural sciences > Humanities;
• All options for the graduate entrance exam must be based on objective -> content appearing in the original text;
• In the article, Now is often connected to the exam point, -> Now represents a change in time -> a turning point in events;
• If the word in the option is comparative, carefully check whether it is comparative in the article;
• see Keep up with the author's perspective;
• Pay attention to whether the causal relationships in the options of the analysis example questions are consistent;
• Double negative: No + No | No + Negative prefix;
• Pay special attention to the comparative and superlative levels in the options
• Comparative and superlative forms, if not found in the text, exclude;

Vocabulary Summary

Article: TEXT 1

• rise: raise salary
• Slack: slack, depression, -> negative emotions
• be capable of: to be capable of accepting
• as well: Similarly, -> means tautological repetition
• rivals: competitors
• Co-operative: Collaboration
• above all: especially -> indicates important information or viewpoints by the author
• inclined: inclination

Article: TEXT 2

• associate -> as + soc (social) + ate (verb) -> association, connection
• bought: to buy, to believe
• parallel: parallel, similar
• instead of: No... Rather
• inflation: economic expansion
• depression: economic decline
• subscribe: subscribe, sign, agree
• init: initialize -> initial: start, initial -> initiate: begin implementation, initiate -> initiative: measure, initiative, initiative;
• apply: to apply, to adapt -> applicable: to adapt, to apply;

Article: TEXT 3

• formulate: formulate: formulate, plan, form;
• suspect: doubt -> certainty;

Article: TEXT 4

• figure: n. number, object; v, inference;
• nor: also -> means the same;
• conspire: conspiracy
• inspire: to motivate
• expire: Debt due due date
• respire: to breathe out
• brought about change: to cause change
• cult: passionate love;
• spontaneity: spontaneous;
• acknowledge: acknowledge, acknowledge -> in this chapter, following the author's viewpoint;
• contempt: contempt, contempt -> negative attitude;
• conservative: conservative
• seek: to seek; to seek, to seek -> Past participle: sough