Lecture 5: Reading Past Papers — 2008

Key Points

Concept: Usage of a

• a + a noun -> indicates general reference;

Question Type: Central idea supplement - excluding distracting options

• Features of interference options:
• (1) One-sided;
• (2) Write the essay backward;
• Suppose you hesitate between options B and D. You can use options B and D as article titles and create your own essay to see if the logic of the article is roughly consistent with the original;

Concept: only placed at the beginning of a sentence, it can be inverted

• Advance the auxiliary verb;

Reading Summary

• Observe the author's adjectives in the article to judge their attitude and tendencies;
• Detail questions: The simple method is to test word substitution and semantic understanding, but the more often in-depth tests are the substitution of logical concepts;
• While reading, in that keep up with the cause;
• Reasoning true/false questions: First, find the center, then find the turning point;
• If the option contains some, it indicates a softened tone option and is more likely to be the correct answer;
• Add " " to nouns in the article, which may express opposite meanings and can be translated as "so-called";

Vocabulary Summary

Article: TEXT 1

• catching up: to catch up
• More experienced: More experienced
• inclinations: tendency or willingness
• worn out: worn out
• diffuse: to explain
• reproductive: reproductive, reproductive
• hormones: hormones
• Chronic: chronic, long-term
• nature: quality

Article: TEXT 2

• affiliations: affiliations, affiliated institutions
• decline: to decline, to refuse
• Copyright: Copyright
• routine: routine, routine, daily life;
• make access to: to obtain or allow access
• questioning: to question
• issued: to submit (report)
• handsome: valuable, valuable
• considerable: quite large
• depends... upon: depends on.... If the back follows the sentence, it can be translated as:
• commercial: Commercial or commercial
• far-reaching: far-reaching
• institutional: institutional, charitable organization

Article: TEXT 3

• last season: The previous season
• achievements: Results, accomplishments
• recruit: to recruit
• rarely: rarely -> an adverb in reading that indicates negation, followed by negative content;
• demand: to need
• nutrient: nutrient, nutrient
• Secular: Long-term fluctuations, non-religious, secular
• birth canal: birth canal
• posture: posture
• Non-Americans: Non-Americans
• conditioned: conditioned, restricted
• gone as far as we can go: Having reached the finish line
• notable: special, important

Article: TEXT 4

• slave: slave -> slavery: slavery
• toothless: All the teeth have fallen out
• primitive: primitive
• spurred: to incite, to provoke
• fragile: fragile
• infancy: infant
• made up：1. Manufacture (especially referring to "fabrication") 2. Makeup;
• hampered: obstructed;
• bedrock: the foundation stone
• inflating: to inflate, pressurize, or inflate
• grant: granting privileges, granting bills;
• the bottom up: from bottom up
• more than anything: very
• part with: to give up, to hand over
• sign: sign
• clause: clause, clause
• approve: approve