← 返回学习笔记

Lecture 11:并列句

考研英语学习笔记:Lecture 11:并列句。保留原始公式、图示与例题。

本页目录

11.1 长难句是如何连在一起的

简单句

  • 简单句:可以任意表达一件事情;
  • 围绕着一个句子的内部学习;

长难句

  • 学习连接两个句子的衔接处:连接词如何选择与判断;
  • 什么是长难句:
  • 很多个简单句(很多件事情)连接在一起;

图示

  • 简单句
  • $n.+v.$
  • $n.+v.$
  • $n.+v.$
  • $n.+v.$
  • 长难句
  • $n.+v.$
  • 加入连接词 $conj.$
  • $n.+v.$
  • 加入连接词 $conj.$
  • $n.+v.$

11.2 并列句基本概念

从重要性开始

  • 并列:一样重要;
  • 并列句:
  • 1. 指的就是多件事(两件或两件以上)一样重要;
  • 2. 你觉得一样重要,就可以写成并列句;

并列举基本概念

  • 并列句的构成:多个简单句 + 并列连词;

总结

  1. 并列句的构成: 多个简单句+并列连词 (四类并列连词是重点);
  2. 并列句的省略: 相同的成分可以省略,余下的成分保持不变;

11.3 并列连词

11.3.1 表示顺接的并列连词

表示顺接的并列连词

  • 图示
  • Pasted image 20240312122808

并列词

  • ... And ...
  • both ... And
  • 不但...而且
  • not only ... But ... As well
  • 也是并列,但是更加书面化;
  • 其他

举例

  • the Renaissance was over and it was time for a new erathe Age of Reason.

11.3.2 表示转折的并列连词

表示转折的并列连词

  • 基本概念:什么是转折
  • 1. 前后两件事情是相反的事情;
  • 货物卖出的更多了,但是收入变少了;
  • 2. 出乎意料的事情;
  • 注意:经常会在转折之后的地方出题;

并列词

  • ... 但是 ...
  • ... But ...
  • ... Yet ...

举例

  • The environment is obviously important, but its role hasremained obscure.
  • We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumerswe treat death as a problem to be solved.

11.3.3 表示选择的并列连词

表示选择的并列连词

  • 表示:二选一;

并列词

  • 或者(二选一)
  • ... Or ...
  • either ... Or ...
  • 既不... 也不...(两个都不选)
  • neither ... Nor ...

举例

  • Either Entergy never really intended to live by those commitments, or it simply didn't foresee what would happen next.

11.3.4 表示因果的并列连词

表示因果的并列连词

  • 因为、所以;

并列词

  • 因为
  • ... For ...
  • 所以/因此
  • ... So ...

举例

  • Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social andcultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventionalvalues of this elite.
  • tend to be:往往

11.4 并列词的省略

省略

  • 英语中,其他句子不能生,但并列句子如果相同时、可以省略(如果重要性不一样,则不可以随便省略);
  • 并列句:相同的部分可以省略,其他的需要保留;

举例

  • .... You don't“get”success but become it.
  • 注意:并列句中的主语省略掉后,剩下的谓语动词不需要变成非谓语;
  • The program keeps track of your progress and provides detailedfeedback on your performance and improvement.
  • 注意:只需要重点关注句子和句子之间的并列连词,词和词之间(performance and improvement)的不需要关注;
  • 省略:
  • 两个句子主语相同,所以主语可以省略:The program 是两句子的并列主语;
  • The program keeps track of your progress...
  • The program provides detailedfeedback on your performance and improvement.
  • the peoples… died out or became assimilated and lost their native lanquages.
  • 并列句可以并列两个及以上的句子;
  • 相同的成分,可以省去共同的主语:the peoples
  • He must either sell some of his property or seek extra funds inthe form of loans.
  • 被省去了谓语动词:seek extra funds inthe form of loans;
  • 原本:He must seek extra funds inthe form of loans;
  • the federal government must support job training programs, raise the minimum wage, and fund more low-cost housing.
  • 省略前:
  • the federal government must support job training programs;
  • the federal government must raise the minimum wage;
  • the federal government must fund more low-cost housing;